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27 Lifetime Protection for Your Heart（第3页）

&，MD，ofthedeperlmentofnutritionattheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealth，wasco-authorofa1993reportonthe85，095eretratheHarvardudy。WomenwithahighiransfatswereoneandahalftimesmorelikelytodeveloparyheartdiseasethahaLowIheseso-called"foods。"Clearlythiswasnotohedeleteriouseffectsofeatingjunkfood。Formaherealshothisstudywastheslatistieheequivalentoffourormereteaspoarineperdayhadasixty-sixpertgreaterriskofheartdiseasethanwomeleariwheobtJEer，thisvaststudyfoundnoassobetweonitsptionandtheprobabilityheartdisease?。

&rsreportissholyIfyOUhavenothadaheresearch。Otherstistshavedemowhilesaturatedfat（fatsthataresolidatroomtemperature，suchasbutterorthefatmarblingasteak）hasbeeohavebothgoodasoerollevels，theeffectsoftrans-fattyacidsarepurelyive。Researchalsohasshoroteihemeredamagingformsofchemicalsubstancholesterol，tlyincreasesasaresultofeatingtrans-fattyacids。creasesasaresultofeatingtrans-fattyacids。

Thispellingresearchhashadlittleeffethepackaged-foodindustry，buthas，atleast，persuadedsomefastfoodstostopgwithhydrogenatedoils。AndtheFDAisgmandatiingoftransfatsoionFaeloffoodlabelsstartingihoughfoodswouldstillthesedas，youcouldchoosetonotpurchasethem。Ifenoughersrejectthesefoods，manufacturerswouldhavetogetheirformulations。

Inadditiontoboygjunkfoeyoutoavoidgwithmargariablesh（thatwhite，creamystuffthatesina）。Butter，oliveoilandlardworkedverywellforourheart-healthyaors。OrIfyoufindItdtffieeatingsaturatedfatuseolive，rapeseedoil。

Fht

Ifyou'vebeensaturatedforyearswitholdjournalisticclichesabouttheterrorsoffatand'proteiuesofcarbohydrate，Wsinkiothesechylittle，thoughts。Yourphysimightfindthemrevealingaswell。

·1991:AtsamsubalRuledmeatanddairyproteinforcarbohydrateienmehhighchrouploweredtheirtotalcholesterolbyanaverageofsixandahalfpert，loweredtheiraveragetriglyceridesbytweaheirHDLcholesterolbyawelvepert。

·1996:TheI，aionalbloodpressurestudyparhg10，020mehirty-twoties，fouhadlataryprotsiypertabovetheaveragehadlowerbloodpressurethahalorotein。

·1997:Iy-yearfollow-opof832meheworld-famhamHeartStudy，researchersmatdderoke（thereweresixty-oneinall）withdietaryihthehighestiaryfathadthefeweststrokes;themehadthemoststrokes。

·1998:ASeattleteamaafromseventeepopulatioudiesthatreportedtherelatioriglydheartdisease。Menwithhighertriglycerideshadathirty-twopercreasedriskofheartdisease;womenwithhigherlevelshadaseveincreasedrisk。

·1999:TheHarvardudydidafourteenyearfollow-upon80，082women，paringidisease。Findingsshowthatthehighertheieiheriskofheartdiseaseinthisgroupofere34to59yearsoldattheoutsetofthestudy。

&turyDiagnosisa

Ifyouhaveanybinationofriskfaptomsorfamilyhistorythatmakesyouwoytermprospectsforheartdisease，lookforaphysi-to-dateapproaendthatheorshenotohealriskfactorsthatwe'vetalkedaboutinthischapter，butalsobefamiliarwithotherindicatorsofcardiadtestyouforthem。heserangesarebasedonourfortyyearsoficalexperieorsinclude:

·Totalalissidered120to240mgdL;idealislessthan200mgdL。

·Low-densityIlpoprotein（LDL）isthebadallevelsraween60and160mgdL;idealislessthan130mgdL（thelowerthebetter）。

·High-densityIlpopmleln（HDL）isknownasthegoodallevelsraween35and80mgdL;idealismorethan50mgdL（thehigherthebetter）。

·Trlglycerldelevelsrangenormallybetween30and160mgdL;idealislessthan100mgdL（thelowerthebetter）。

·HDLtototalcholesterolratio:Ameasurementofyourcardiovascularrisk;averageriskfemales:4。4;averageriskmales:4。9。（Idealistobebele。Forboth，thelowerthebetter。）

·Homoeisaby-productofdefeetabolism。Aedlevelisapowerfulmarkerforheartdiseaseandstrokerisk。I-fighhomoelevelsalsoindicateadefidenooffolioacid，aBvitamin。（HomoelevelbereducedwiththeiaminsB6，B12，andforlicaallevelis5to15mmolL;idealislessthan8mmolL。

·Upoproteln（a）isahigh-riskpoofLDLcholesterol。IehasbeenreizedasastrongriskfactorforheartdiseaseaedlevelsmayindisuffitakeofvitaminC，whiaihybloodvessels。Anormallevelisbelow20mgL;idealislessthan15mgL。

·C-reactiveproteinisanantibody。!tappearsthatsomeheartattackvictimsactuallyhaveaninfepoheirdisease，whichhaslittletodowithfollowingasouaryapproach，Theresultisiflamedbloodvesselsthaterewidelyregardedaspartoftheatheroscleroticdiseaseprocess。HighlevelsofC-reactiveproteioiheriskofheartdiseasebyfourandahalftimes?Theidealislessthan。55mgdL。Elevatedlevelswouldindicateyouareatrisk。

Therapyforheartdiseasegoesfarbeyondbypasssurgeryas。IhopethatyourdoctorwillbeopeuesofalessihighlyeffectiveprocedurecalledEECR。

Eerion（EECP）。Ifyouhavediagproblemsandapositivestresstest，EECPisusedtocreatecollateralbloodvesselssupplyimusescalleda"naturalbypass，"EECPusesbloodpressurecuffsappliedtothepatient'slegs，eatedlyinflatedaoforthelegstotheheart。Ithasbeeedandfunded，istlybeingadmifourhuheUesandisreimbursedbyhealthironglyreenditforourheartpatients，somuchsothatthecardiologyukierforentaryMedieprovidesaboutoreatmentsweekly。

TheLessonsofHistory

Whydidheartdiseasebeajorproblemwhenitdid，andwhyisitsomuoaihosequestionshavesignifiutritionalimplis。Fo，AncelKeys，PhD，apromiritiuedthatheartdiseasewasonihadhigh-fatdiets。Hedrehofsevennationstoshowthatmorefatmeaacks?ThiswasaialfindinguntilafewyearsagowhenGeeV。Mann，ofVaUy，discoveredthatKeyshadcarefullyselectedthosenationstomakehiscasebutsuppressedthedatainhisprelimishowedexercisehadafarmeresignifitcorrelationwitharyheartdiseaseriskthandidaor。

AfamousBritishnutritionistofthesameperiod，Dr。JohnYudkin，tookadifferehoughtheartdiseasecorrelatedtion，it'sdifficulttoisolateinformationonfoodhabitsiiorm?Nearlyalldevelopednatioptionandhighsugarption。Andnearlyalluioher。Heartdiseaseishighiions，butwhy?

&io。LCleave，MD，inhisbookSaeDiseaseDisease:TheMasterDiseaseofOurTime，arguesthatiheinceofaryarterydiseaseoedtoinrelinedcarbohydrateihatdiabetes，hypertensioisadisease，tonameafew，wereallvirtuallyinprimitiveculturesuntilrefinedcarbohydrateswereintroduced。Heproposedhis"RuleofTwentyYears'notingthatittookthatloroduofrefinedcarbohydratesbeforediabetesadiseasebegantoappear。

Cieave'shypothesisdoesgiveoionhtabouttheheartdiseaseepidemitheindustrializedworld。Let'slookatacoupleofatypicalwesterntries。InId，heartdisease（aes）wasalmostunheardofuntilthe1930s，althoughtheIdersateadiettremendouslyhighinfat。Intheearly1920s，however，refinedcarbohydratesandsugararrivedintheIdidtruetoCieave'sRuleofTwehedegeivediseasesarrivedonschedule。Likewise，tnthefoslaviaandinPolaofhighheartdiseaseratesiweuryodethesugarratelingandtheanimalfatintake>

Iwouldn&#ardthesenationaltrendsasproof，theylyaresuggostive。SuggestivealsoisthefatheMediterrariesfatptioeadilyingforthepastthirtyyearsaackrateshavebasnsteadilyfalling。

&hesisthatblamesheartdiseaseonhigh-fatdietsisnotoyet，butithastakensomehardbodyblows，andislookingdistinctlywobblyonitspins。